The evolution of tyres in Formula 1 from the first races to modern cars

Tyres are one of the most important elements in Formula 1. Without the right tyres, even the most powerful engine and the most advanced aerodynamics will not bring victory. Speed, grip, handling, and, most importantly, driver safety depend on them. 



Over the decades, tyre manufacturing technology has changed along with the development of Formula 1 itself, transforming relatively simple rubber wheels into high-tech, complex engineering products capable of withstanding extreme loads and delivering incredible performance. The evolution of tyres has become an integral part of motorsport history, and many F1 solutions are used by manufacturers in production cars.



The evolution of tyres in Formula 1 can be divided into several key stages — from narrow road-like tyres to modern high-performance compounds. The infographic below illustrates how tyre technology has changed over the decades, responding to increasing demands for grip, safety, and strategic flexibility.





The first races



In the mid-20th century, Formula 1 was just beginning to take shape in its modern form. At that time, cars competed on narrow tyres, which were similar in characteristics to ordinary road tyres. Grip remained low, and drivers had to rely mainly on their driving skills. The main emphasis was on tyre durability: it was important for the tyres to last the entire race or a significant part of it. Tyre changes were rare, and the racing strategy itself was completely different from today. 



The transition to wide tyres



Increased engine power and improved aerodynamics required better grip. And in the 1970s and 1980s, a real breakthrough occurred: wide tyres and so-called ‘slicks’ appeared in Formula 1 — tyres without tread patterns, which provided maximum contact area with the dry track. Tyre sizes increased significantly, which had a positive effect on the stability and handling of the cars. 



Innovations in the 1990s and 2000s



The next two decades brought a new wave of innovation. Tyre manufacturers experimented with complex rubber compounds, striking a balance between grip and wear resistance. It was during this period that special rain and intermediate tyres appeared, allowing safe competition even in difficult weather conditions. 



The International Automobile Federation actively influenced the development of tyres. FIA rules first banned slicks, then allowed them again. This forced engineers to adapt quickly and look for new solutions. Ultimately, in the 2000s, tyres became a key element of racing strategy, and their choice determined the fate of championships.



Modern tyres in Formula 1



Today, Pirelli is the official tyre supplier for Formula 1. For each race, the FIA and the manufacturer select a limited number of tyre compounds, ranging from the softest to the hardest. This makes the racing strategy even more complex and interesting. 



In 2022, Formula 1 switched to 18-inch wheels instead of 13-inch ones, which was a real challenge for the teams. The new standards not only improved handling but also made the cars closer to production cars. 



F1 technology and production cars



Formula 1 technology has always found its way into the world of production cars. It was here that wide profiles, different rubber compounds and tread patterns were tested. The transition to 18-inch wheels in Formula 1 is an example of the direct influence of motorsport: today, such tyres are standard on many mid-range and premium passenger cars. In addition, 20-inch tyres are becoming increasingly common today. They belong to the category of large wheel sizes, and manufacturers install them mainly on crossovers, SUVs and premium sedans. 



Recommendations for tyre maintenance and selection



In everyday driving, tyre size, composition and tread are crucial for safety and comfort. Tyres should be checked regularly for defects. An analysis conducted by Green Flag showed that in 2023, 60% of all dangerous reasons for failing an MOT test were due to tyre defects. Worn or damaged tyres reduce grip and stability, increase braking distance and increase the risk of losing control. It is also critical to maintain the correct tyre pressure. The table below shows the consequences of incorrect tyre pressure:







When choosing tires for your vehicle, consider the operating conditions and driving style. Always pay attention to the speed and load indices specified in your vehicle’s technical documentation. It is important to consider when and where you will be using your vehicle to ensure the safety of yourself and your passengers on the road. Before choosing car tires online, be sure to do your homework and find out which tires are best for you. Before buying, read the recommendations and warnings from the tire and car manufacturers,” notes the AUTODOC expert.



The evolution of tyres in Formula 1 is a story of finding a balance between speed, safety and reliability. From narrow, almost ‘road’ wheels to modern 18-inch high-tech tyres, decades of innovation have changed motorsport and influenced everyday cars. Today, every driver can experience a piece of F1 technology, because safety and comfort on the road depend largely on tyres — just as they do in motor racing.



Helpful resources:



Specifications of 20-inch car tires – autodoc.co.uk More about the correct tire pressure – AUTODOC



The beginner’s guide to F1 tyres
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